Atomic Orbitals: Shapes, Configurations, and Exceptions

This lecture covers the shapes and orientations of s, p, and d atomic orbitals, as well as their electron configurations. It explains the distribution of electrons in orbitals, the Pauli exclusion principle, and the Hund's rule. The lecture also discusses the concept of quantum numbers, electron distribution around the nucleus, and the stability principle in electron filling. Furthermore, it addresses exceptions to the Aufbau principle, such as half-filled or fully filled d orbitals. The presentation includes examples of electron configurations for various elements and ions, emphasizing the importance of energy levels in determining stability.