Explores vector acceleration, decomposing it into tangential and normal components related to changes in scalar velocity and the trajectory's curvature.
Explores curvature, inflection points, and angular functions in plane curves, highlighting the importance of inflection points.
Introduces hyperbolic geometry, covering complete metric spaces, isometries, and Gaussian curvature in dimension 2.
Explores curves in the oriented plane, discussing orientation, vector spaces, equivalence relations, and curvature of regular curves.
