This lecture delves into the X-Sense 2 project, focusing on wireless sensor network technology to understand geophysical processes in mountain areas. The lecture covers the application scenarios, challenges, and solutions in modeling destructive processes due to global warming. It explores the use of diverse modalities and scales for better process modeling, early warning systems, and the development of micro-nano systems for highly sensitive event detection. The lecture also discusses the challenges of multi-hop communication in harsh environments, the development of disruptive communication concepts, and the integration of low-power, event-driven systems. Additionally, it touches on the use of algorithms for processing sensing data, improving GPS precision for rock glacier monitoring, and enhancing understanding of physical processes through acoustic monitoring and micro seismic analysis.