Radiation and Antennas: Fundamentals and Applications

This lecture covers the fundamentals of radiation and antennas, including the effects of mismatch, polarization, and losses. It explains the concept of antenna efficiency, gain, and radiation resistance. Examples such as the Hertz dipole and loop antennas are discussed, along with the impact of ohmic losses and skin effect on radiated power. The lecture also addresses the importance of impedance matching between the generator and antenna for maximizing power transfer. Various antenna types, from parabolic to smartphone antennas, are analyzed in terms of their efficiency and radiated power.

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EE-345: Radiation and antennas

Les antennes sont utilisées dans une multitude d'applications de communications et de détection, demandant des fréquences et propriétés d'antennes très différentes. Ce cours décrit la théorie de base

Antenna (radio)

In radio engineering, an antenna (American English) or aerial (British English) is the interface between radio waves propagating through space and electric currents moving in metal conductors, used with a transmitter or receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current to the antenna's terminals, and the antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic waves (radio waves). In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power of a radio wave in order to produce an electric current at its terminals, that is applied to a receiver to be amplified.

Dipole antenna

In radio and telecommunications a dipole antenna or doublet is the simplest and most widely used class of antenna. The dipole is any one of a class of antennas producing a radiation pattern approximating that of an elementary electric dipole with a radiating structure supporting a line current so energized that the current has only one node at each end. A dipole antenna commonly consists of two identical conductive elements such as metal wires or rods.

Antenna array

An antenna array (or array antenna) is a set of multiple connected antennas which work together as a single antenna, to transmit or receive radio waves. The individual antennas (called elements) are usually connected to a single receiver or transmitter by feedlines that feed the power to the elements in a specific phase relationship. The radio waves radiated by each individual antenna combine and superpose, adding together (interfering constructively) to enhance the power radiated in desired directions, and cancelling (interfering destructively) to reduce the power radiated in other directions.

Television antenna

A television antenna (TV aerial) is an antenna specifically designed for use with a television receiver (TV) to receive over-the-air broadcast television signals from a television station. Television reception is dependent upon the antenna as well as the transmitter. Terrestrial television is broadcast on frequencies from about 47 to 250 MHz in the very high frequency (VHF) band, and 470 to 960 MHz in the ultra high frequency (UHF) band in different countries.

Impedance matching

In electronics, impedance matching is the practice of designing or adjusting the input impedance or output impedance of an electrical device for a desired value. Often, the desired value is selected to maximize power transfer or minimize signal reflection. For example, impedance matching typically is used to improve power transfer from a radio transmitter via the interconnecting transmission line to the antenna. Signals on a transmission line will be transmitted without reflections if the transmission line is terminated with a matching impedance.

Maxwell Equations for Antennas: Theory and Applications EE-345: Radiation and antennas

Explores the application of Maxwell's equations to antennas, covering radiation, potentials, currents, waves, and polarization.

Radiation and Antennas: Dipoles EE-345: Radiation and antennas

Explores ideal antennas, dipoles, radiation patterns, directivity, impedance, and effective length.

Radiation and Antennas II EE-345: Radiation and antennas

Explores reciprocity of powers, capture surface, linear wire antennas, and radar cross-section examples.

Radiation and Antennas: Thin Slot Antenna EE-345: Radiation and antennas

Explores radiation and antennas, emphasizing thin slot antennas and their radiation patterns.

Real Antennas: Efficiency, Radiation, and Polarization EE-345: Radiation and antennas

Explores the efficiency, radiation, and polarization of real antennas, including losses, gain, and typical yields.