Lecture
This lecture covers the concepts of process execution and protection in operating systems. It explains how the OS creates and manages processes, the importance of protecting processes from each other, and the hardware mechanisms used for efficient execution. Topics include process creation, system calls, process states, CPU virtualization, and the role of interrupts in ensuring control. The lecture also discusses the challenges of running untrusted processes, limited direct execution, and the use of system calls for requesting OS services. Overall, it provides insights into how the OS ensures security, reliability, and resource utilization in a multi-program environment.