Fourier Transform: X-ray Diffraction and Reciprocal Space

This lecture covers the concepts of reciprocal space, Bragg condition, and Fourier transform in the context of X-ray diffraction. It explains how the vectors in a crystal lattice relate to the direct Bravais lattice and the conditions for maximum intensity in diffraction patterns. The lecture also discusses the scattering coefficient for each atom, the structure factor, and the influence on peak intensity. Additionally, it explores the physical interpretation of X-ray diffusion by atoms and the oscillation of electrons in response to an electric field.