This lecture covers the basics of impact assessment and minimization, focusing on soil protection in the context of a high-pressure gas pipeline construction project. It discusses the environmental impact studies, the characteristics of soils, and the legal bases related to soil protection. The lecture also addresses the invasive neophytes, their impact on biodiversity, and the measures to control their spread. Key topics include soil characterization, soil compaction risks, and the methods to minimize environmental impacts during construction phases.