Lecture
This lecture introduces the concepts of spatial arrangement and neighborhood in the context of geographic information systems. It covers topics such as geometric properties of objects, spatial autocorrelation, and models for altitude data. The lecture explains the arrangement as the relative organization of objects and neighborhood as the minimum distance to an object. It also discusses indicators like position, dispersion, and proximity, along with statistical measures for point objects. Furthermore, it explores spatial arrangement indices, spatial density, connectivity, and distance for linear and zonal objects, providing insights into analyzing spatial patterns at different levels.