This lecture presents the Envirobot project, aiming to develop a robot capable of detecting pollutants in aquatic environments. The robot is equipped with miniaturized sensors for physical, chemical, and biological measurements, allowing trajectory tracking and source sampling. The lecture also covers the use of bacterial bioreporters for specific chemical targets and the benchmarking of gill sensors with various samples. The Swiss Research Program Nano-Tera is highlighted as the driving force behind this innovative engineering project.