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Introduction to Chemistry
This lecture introduces the applications of thermodynamics to chemistry, focusing on thermochemistry. Topics include describing chemical reactions, stoichiometric coefficients, reaction advancement, affinity, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy. The importance of entropy in chemical reactions is emphasized, along with the extensive properties of volume, entropy, and enthalpy. A model for the chemical potential of a substance mixture is developed based on the ideal gas concept, leading to the law of mass action. Osmosis and electrochemistry are discussed, utilizing the developed model of chemical potential for various exercises.