Introduces Manopt, a toolbox for optimization on smooth manifolds with a Riemannian structure, covering cost functions, different types of manifolds, and optimization principles.
Explores making tangent spaces linear, defining tangent vectors without an embedding space and their operations, as well as the equivalence of different tangent space notions.
Explores defining tangent vectors without an embedding space, focusing on creating tangent spaces at every point of a manifold through equivalence classes of curves.
Covers the concepts of local homeomorphisms and coverings in manifolds, emphasizing the conditions under which a map is considered a local homeomorphism or a covering.