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This lecture covers the design of retaining walls, focusing on different types of ultimate limit states, calculation methods, and the behavior of the wall under various loading conditions. The instructor discusses the analysis of soil-structure interaction, modeling of the wall as a beam, determination of pressure distribution, and the calculation of bending moments and shear forces. Various design scenarios are explored, including anchored walls, walls with counterforts, and the stability analysis of different wall configurations. The lecture also delves into the calculation approach for anchored and buttressed walls, emphasizing the importance of determining critical actions and pressure points for safe and efficient wall design.