Wave Propagation: Basics

This lecture covers the fundamental concepts of wave propagation, including longitudinal and transverse waves in different media, superposition of waves, reflection and transmission at interfaces, d'Alembert equation for wave motion, sinusoidal plane waves, Fourier decomposition of waves, and wave surfaces. The instructor explains how disturbances propagate without deformation, the general solution of the d'Alembert equation, and the concept of phase velocity. Various types of waves, such as cylindrical and spherical waves, are also discussed, along with examples of wave packets and periodic waves.