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This lecture introduces the concept of iterations in programming using C++. It covers the 'for' loop, explaining how to repeat a series of instructions a specified number of times. The instructor demonstrates how to display the squares of the first 5 integers using a 'for' loop and discusses the syntax of the 'for' statement, emphasizing declaration, initialization, condition, and incrementation. Additionally, the lecture illustrates the importance of using braces in 'for' loops and highlights the scope of variables declared within loops. Furthermore, it addresses the need for loops to avoid repetitive code, as shown in an example of displaying a multiplication table. The lecture concludes with a quiz on the output of a code snippet involving an 'if' statement within a 'for' loop.