This lecture delves into the intricate workings of the visual cortex, focusing on gamma rhythms and attention mechanisms. The instructor explains how gamma rhythms in V1 drive similar rhythms in V4, influencing effective connectivity. The lecture also explores how attention modulates gamma activity, with theta rhythms playing a crucial role in stimulus selection. Additionally, the use of innovative neuroengineering techniques, such as thin strip electrodes and silicone-coated probes, is discussed, showcasing advancements in neural recording technology.