Quantum Computing Fundamentals

This lecture introduces the basics of quantum computing, focusing on defining qubits, single qubit gates, two qubit gates, and the concept of a universal gate set. The instructor explains the intersection of quantum physics, computer science, and information theory, highlighting the advantages of quantum computers over classical ones. The lecture covers the challenges of building a quantum computer, including quantum error correction, control electronics, and the need for a universal set of quantum gates. The importance of measurement in quantum mechanics and the differences between classical and quantum computing are also discussed.