Lecture
This lecture covers the concepts of phase diagrams, solid solutions, and phase transitions in materials science. It explains the formation of different phases in binary systems, such as the eutectic and peritectic points, and the lever rule for determining phase fractions. The instructor discusses the microstructures of alloys like Cu-Ni and Pb-Sn, highlighting the significance of solubility limits and the effects of alloying elements on mechanical properties. Various phase transitions, including eutectoid and peritectoid reactions, are explored, along with the role of microconstituents in determining material properties.