Bipartite Systems: Entanglement

This lecture delves into the concept of bipartite systems and entanglement, starting with the definition of density matrix and pure mixed states. The instructor explains how to define entanglement properly, interpret measurements, and discusses the importance of density matrix in quantum information and optics. The lecture covers the operational definition of entanglement, the partial trace operation, pure states, product states, and entangled states. It emphasizes the significance of density matrices in representing ensembles of states and explores the concept of purity trace to determine the purity of a density matrix.