Climate Emergency: Introduction to Climate System

This lecture provides an introduction to the climate system, covering topics such as the Earth's climate components, the impact of climate change, and the urgency of addressing the climate emergency. It discusses the Earth's atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, emphasizing the interactions between them. The lecture also delves into the global circulation of the atmosphere and oceans, the role of latent and sensible heat in energy transfer, and the significance of the oceanic overturning circulation. Furthermore, it explores the processes of evaporation, precipitation, runoff, and the distribution of salinity in the ocean. The session concludes with a focus on the terrestrial and marine biosphere, highlighting the importance of land vegetation and ocean chlorophyll in the Earth's ecosystems.