This lecture explores the boundaries and life cycle inventory calculation in the context of recycling, focusing on the extraction, material recycling, fabrication, utilization, and elimination stages. Different approaches such as 'recycling in end-of-life' and 'recycled content' are discussed, along with the impact of using recycled materials in the life cycle of products. The importance of end-of-life recycling and encouraging the use of recycled materials is emphasized, highlighting the environmental benefits and challenges associated with recycling practices. Various strategies for incorporating recycled content into products and the implications for life cycle assessment are also examined.