Introduction to Optics: Light and Waves

This lecture covers the fundamental concepts of optics, including geometric optics, wave optics, and electromagnetic optics. It explores topics such as refraction, reflection, interference, diffraction, polarization, dispersion, and the visible spectrum. The instructor explains the application of physical models in optics, the behavior of light in different media, and the principles governing optical systems. Key discussions include total internal reflection, mirror reflections, lens systems, and the formation of images by mirrors and lenses. The lecture also delves into optical aberrations, chromatic aberration, and the correction of optical systems using lenses. Various optical devices like prisms, mirrors, and lenses are analyzed in the context of optical systems.