First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy Conservation

This lecture covers the fundamental principles of the First Law of Thermodynamics, focusing on the conservation of energy within a system through heat (Q) and work (W) interactions. It introduces the concept of internal energy (U) and the state functions enthalpy (H) and heat capacity (Cp). The lecture explores the relationship between heat and work, the distinction between state functions and path-dependent variables, and the application of these principles in different types of thermodynamic transformations. It also delves into the significance of cyclic transformations, the impossibility of perpetual motion, and the formulation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics by Kelvin and Planck.