This lecture covers the Paris Agreement, UNFCCC, and COP meetings, focusing on the global efforts to combat climate change. It discusses the key concepts such as emission gaps, IPCC assessments, and the targets set by COP 27. The presentation delves into the impact of human activities on the climate system, the urgency of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and the need for international cooperation to limit global warming. It also addresses the challenges posed by extreme weather events, the importance of adaptation and mitigation strategies, and the role of scientific assessments in guiding climate policies.