This lecture covers the concepts of oxidation and reduction, oxidation numbers, redox reactions, and their implementation in PHREEQC. It explains the relationship between redox potential and Gibbs free energy, the Nernst equation, standard redox cells, and the Standard Hydrogen Electrode. The lecture also discusses the calculation of redox potential, half-reactions in nature, and the pe-pH stability diagram for mineral dissolution. It concludes with the challenges of redox measurements and the interpretation of Eh values in natural waters.