This lecture delves into the derivation of the local kinetic dispersion relation for electrostatic instabilities in inhomogeneous magnetized plasmas, focusing on kinetic effects like wave-particle resonances and finite Larmor radius effects. The instructor explains the interchange instability mechanism in the presence of external forces opposing density gradients, leading to drift waves and associated instabilities from resonant wave-particle interaction. Through exercises, students practice solving kinetic dispersion relations for electrostatic waves in homogeneous magnetized plasmas. The lecture covers the derivation of dispersion relations, adiabatic responses, diamagnetic drift frequencies, and resonant denominators, emphasizing the importance of understanding plasma instabilities.