Lecture
This lecture introduces the urinary system, covering fundamental equations, the principle of urine formation, and the anatomy of the kidneys, nephrons, glomeruli, tubules, and peritubular vessels. Topics include the types of dialysis, the process of hemodialysis, the general structure and function of the urinary system, and the renal flow rates. The lecture also discusses the principles governing the production of primary and final urine, the regulation of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, and the management of body fluids and electrolytes. Furthermore, it explores the anatomy of the renal system, including the kidneys, ureters, and the structure of a nephron.