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This lecture explores the concept of nuclear fusion as an energy source, focusing on its advantages such as being environmentally friendly, abundant, and sustainable. It delves into the operating principles of fusion, the role of plasma as the 4th state of matter, and the potential of fusion reactions usable on Earth. The presentation covers the economic competitiveness of fusion energy, its efficiency in electricity production, and the re-generation of tritium. It also discusses the safety aspects, advantages over traditional energy sources, and the scientific and technological challenges in achieving fusion on Earth, exemplified by projects like ITER and DEMO.