This lecture covers the basics of electron diffraction, interactions of high energetic electrons with matter, diffraction theory, image formation, area selection, Laue zones, dynamical scattering, symmetry information, twinning in diffraction, epitaxy, X-ray diffraction, Laue method, Debye-Scherrer method, diffractometer, and the importance of XRD. The instructor explains the use of electron diffraction, the formation of diffraction patterns, and the interpretation of diffraction intensities. Various techniques such as bright field imaging, dark field imaging, and diffraction-induced image contrast are discussed with examples.