Laser fundamentals and applications

This lecture covers the historical perspective of lasers, from Einstein's theory to the first laser by Townes-Schawlow. It explores the mechanisms of laser light generation, materials used, and various types of lasers developed since the 1960s. The lecture also delves into Nobel Prizes related to lasers and the market segments for laser applications, including medical, communications, materials processing, and environmental mapping through LIDAR technology.