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This lecture covers the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum alloys, focusing on the Al-Mg system. It explains the processes of recrystallization, restoration, and work hardening, as well as the effects of dislocations on the material's behavior. The importance of solid solution hardening and cold rolling in enhancing mechanical properties is discussed. The role of grain size and dislocation density in determining the alloy's strength and ductility is highlighted. Additionally, the lecture explores abnormal grain growth and the use of stable precipitates to control grain size. The impact of heat treatment on reducing dislocation density and improving ductility is also explained, along with the significance of phase diagrams in understanding alloy behavior.