This lecture explores the legal protection of animals, focusing on the Swiss legal framework for animal experimentation. It covers the constitutional provisions, the status of animals in the law, and the ethical evaluation of animal experiments. The lecture delves into the 3Rs principles (Replace, Reduce, Refine) and the licensing procedures for animal experiments in Switzerland. It also discusses the roles and responsibilities of individuals involved in animal experimentation, the ethical considerations, and the practical aspects of ensuring animal welfare. The lecture concludes by examining the challenges and benefits of global animal experimentation.