Heat Transfer: Equilibrium Approach and Thermodynamic Potentials

This lecture covers the review of the second part of the course, focusing on the equilibrium approach, thermodynamic potentials, and heat transfer mechanisms including conduction, convection, and radiation. It delves into the statistical interpretation of entropy and the second principle, emphasizing the equilibrium between phases, mixtures, and osmotic pressure. The lecture also discusses the precise formulation of the second principle, Carnot cycles, and the concept of entropy in ideal gases. Furthermore, it explores the relationship between entropy, disorder, and energy degradation, highlighting the importance of entropy in understanding the direction of time and the irreversible nature of real transformations.