Solar Cells: Series and Parallel Configurations

This lecture discusses the configuration and operation of solar cells, focusing on the arrangement of cells in series and parallel. The instructor begins by explaining the necessity of multiple solar cells in devices like calculators, where the voltage output needs to be increased beyond the limit of a single cell. The lecture illustrates the behavior of two solar cells in series, detailing the generation of electron-hole pairs and the tunneling effect that allows for voltage addition. The instructor emphasizes the importance of illumination and the effects of thermal currents on voltage output. The discussion extends to solar panels, explaining how multiple cells can be arranged to optimize voltage and current. The potential issues arising from defective cells, such as shadowing, are also addressed, highlighting the risks of reverse bias and the importance of bypass diodes for protection. Overall, the lecture provides a comprehensive overview of solar cell functionality and the implications of their configurations in practical applications.