Counting Sort: Decision Tree Analysis

This lecture covers the concept of decision trees as an abstraction of comparison sorts, focusing on the number of comparisons needed for sorting algorithms. It delves into the analysis of the decision tree's leaves and height, demonstrating the necessity of a certain number of comparisons for most inputs. The lecture then introduces the Counting Sort algorithm, explaining its implementation and efficiency when all numbers are within a specific range. It concludes by highlighting the limitations of comparison sorts and the advantages of alternative sorting methods based on input structure.