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This lecture covers the concept of quality factor in resonators, explaining how it measures the efficiency of a resonator and its interaction with the external environment. Topics include the trade-off between high and low quality factors, the impact of damping on quality factor, different sources of damping in resonators, and strategies to minimize damping effects. The lecture also delves into the role of viscous damping, clamping losses, internal material damping, surface effects, and thermoelastic damping. Additionally, it discusses the optimization of resonator design to reduce gas damping, the effects of tension in beams, and the dilution factor for long, thin, stressed structures.