This lecture by the instructor Saskia de Vries from the ALLEN INSTITUTE for BRAIN SCIENCE covers the visual circuit, focusing on the functional pathways in the brain related to processing visual information. The lecture discusses how cells in the primary visual cortex are tuned for oriented bars, creating maps of orientation and direction selectivity. It also explores the two main functional pathways, the dorsal and ventral streams, which are responsible for processing different aspects of visual stimuli, such as motion, spatial relationships, form, and color. The presentation includes insights into the organization of the visual circuit and the role of different brain regions in visual processing.