Lecture
This lecture provides an overview of different architectures of Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs) used in imaging systems. It begins with the full-frame architecture, which utilizes the entire image area for capturing light, resulting in a high fill factor of nearly 100%. The instructor explains the process of image integration and the challenges of vertical smear during readout, necessitating the use of a mechanical shutter. Next, the frame-transfer architecture is discussed, highlighting its ability to operate at faster frame rates by using two surfaces: one for exposure and another for storage. This allows simultaneous exposure and readout, although it comes at a higher cost. Finally, the interline-transfer architecture is introduced, which features a photosensitive column next to a storage area, enabling quick image transfer and readout. However, this architecture has a lower fill factor due to the opaque strips covering part of the imaging area. The lecture concludes with a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of each CCD architecture.