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This lecture discusses the significant reversal in immigration policies during the 1920s, focusing on the United States' adoption of a restrictive immigration regime and the introduction of a comprehensive immigrant quota system. It also explores 'The Great Migration' of African American workers from the South to the North, triggered by the restrictions. The lecture covers the role of passports in enforcing immigration controls, the reintroduction of passports during WWI, and the League of Nations' efforts to standardize passports. Additionally, it delves into the Nansen 'Passport' as a response to the refugee crisis post the Russian Revolution, highlighting its limited success. The history of biometrics and registration is also briefly touched upon.