Pressure: Fundamentals and Historical Experiments

This lecture covers the basics of pressure, including its definition as the force perpendicularly exerted on a surface by a medium. It explores historical experiments on atmospheric pressure, such as Torricelli's barometer, and Pascal's realization of 'weighing' the air above us. The lecture also delves into the concepts of extensive and intensive variables in thermodynamics, emphasizing their importance in describing thermodynamic systems.