This lecture explains the concept of Readers Writer's lock, which provides mutual exclusion between readers and a writer. It covers different design possibilities, such as neutral, writer preference, and reader preference, focusing on a simple implementation of writer preference. The lecture details the synchronization between readers and writers using atomic variables, the readers count, and the writer lock, implementing a test and set lock. It delves into the implementation details for both readers and writers, emphasizing the protocol for acquiring locks and entering the critical section.