Effect of Anisotropic Diffusion

This lecture covers the description of anisotropic water diffusion in structures like myelinated axons, discussing the motion of water molecules restricted by cell membranes and the dependence of the diffusion coefficient on gradient orientation. It also explains diffusion tensor imaging, the symmetric nature of the diffusion tensor, and the determination of principal eigenvectors and eigenvalues. The application of fiber tracking using diffusion MRI is presented, showing how diffusion anisotropy images and water diffusion directionality aid in connectivity analysis.