Planetary Retrogradations: Copernic's Epicyclic Model

This lecture delves into the historical development of astronomy, focusing on the transition from epicyclic curves to Kepler's ellipses. It explores the challenges faced by ancient astronomers, the Ptolemaic system, and the Copernican revolution. The instructor explains the retrogradation of planets, the inequality of seasons, and the heliocentric hypothesis. The lecture highlights the significance of Copernicus' model in simplifying astronomical explanations and the advantages of heliocentrism over geocentrism.