Short Pulse Generation in Laser Systems

This lecture covers the generation of short pulses in laser systems, focusing on topics such as inhomogeneous width, spectral width, phase relations between modes, mode-locking regimes, interferometers, and the optical Kerr effect. It explains the principles of active and passive mode-locking, hybrid mode-locking, and the role of saturable absorbers. The instructor discusses the mechanisms behind pulse shortening, self-focusing, and self-modulation, as well as the generation of new frequencies. The lecture also delves into the stabilization of pulse duration, group speed dispersion, and the impact of optical elements in laser cavities. Various laser types, including dye lasers and gas lasers, are explored in the context of pulse generation.