This lecture explores the evolution of urban transport services in African cities, focusing on the transition from public to private services. Dr. Papa Sakho discusses the historical context, challenges faced by public transport companies, and the impact on service quality. Case studies from Dakar, Cotonou, and Kinshasa are presented to illustrate the changes in the public transport sector. Factors contributing to the decline of public transport, such as management deficits and infrastructure quality, are analyzed. The lecture concludes by highlighting the need for sustainable solutions to improve urban mobility in Africa.