This lecture by the instructor delves into the history of quantum physics, from the discovery of the electron to the development of quantum mechanics. It explores how quantum properties of electron systems are tested using electromagnetic waves and photons. The lecture also discusses the challenges in constructing sources of x-rays and UV photons for analyzing electrons in chemical bonds. Furthermore, it explains the use of synchrotron radiation in studying materials and the importance of angular collimation in producing high-quality synchrotron radiographs.