Matrix Optics: Ray Tracing & Imaging in Optical Systems

This lecture delves into the connection between matrix optics and ray optics, focusing on the principles of ray tracing and imaging in optical systems such as microscopes. The instructor explains how cardinal points and planes aid in understanding optical systems, using thick lenses as examples. The lecture covers the generalization of optical systems, the transfer between cardinal planes, and the concept of imaging in conjugated systems. It also explores the object and image principal and focal points in a conjugated system, emphasizing the importance of cardinal points and planes for analyzing optical components.