Current Mirrors: Passive and Active

This lecture covers the design and analysis of passive and active current mirrors in analog circuits, focusing on basic structures, layout issues, high precision mirrors, low-voltage mirrors, and regulated drains. The instructor discusses the impact of channel-length modulation, PVT variations, and design trade-offs, emphasizing the importance of accuracy and dynamic range. Various layouts, including interdigitated and common-centroid configurations, are explored for better matching and reduced capacitance. Advanced topics such as wide swing mirrors and regulated drains are also addressed, highlighting practical implementations and small signal models to maintain output accuracy.