Lecture
This lecture covers the fundamental concepts of chemical shifts in nuclear magnetic resonance, including nuclear shielding, origins of chemical shifts, and their contributions. It also discusses the quantification of nuclear shielding, distinct environments giving rise to different chemical shifts, and typical ranges of proton chemical shifts. Furthermore, it explores the relationship between chemical shifts and integrals, proton spectra of aromatic rings, proteins, and metal clusters. The lecture concludes with examples of chemical shifts in fullerene, solids, liquids, and alumino silicates, as well as the use of chemical shifts as a pH meter.