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A granular material is a conglomeration of discrete solid, macroscopic particles characterized by a loss of energy whenever the particles interact (the most common example would be friction when grains collide). The constituents that compose granular material are large enough such that they are not subject to thermal motion fluctuations. Thus, the lower size limit for grains in granular material is about 1 μm.
An experiment is a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried. Experiments provide insight into cause-and-effect by demonstrating what outcome occurs when a particular factor is manipulated. Experiments vary greatly in goal and scale but always rely on repeatable procedure and logical analysis of the results. There also exist natural experimental studies.
Computer simulation is the process of mathematical modelling, performed on a computer, which is designed to predict the behaviour of, or the outcome of, a real-world or physical system. The reliability of some mathematical models can be determined by comparing their results to the real-world outcomes they aim to predict. Computer simulations have become a useful tool for the mathematical modeling of many natural systems in physics (computational physics), astrophysics, climatology, chemistry, biology and manufacturing, as well as human systems in economics, psychology, social science, health care and engineering.
Flip-graph connectedness is established here for the vertex set of the 4-dimensional cube. It is found as a consequence, that this vertex set admits 92487256 triangulations, partitioned into 247451 sy
It is shown that 2-dimensional subdivisions can be made regular by moving their vertices within parallel 1-dimensional spaces. As a consequence, any 2-dimensional subdivision is projected from the bou
A polyhedral subdivision of a d-dimensional point configuration A is k-regular if it is projected from the boundary complex of a polytope with dimension at most d+k. Call γk(A) the subgraph induced by