Isabella Di Lenardo | EPFL Graph Search

Ph.D. in Theories and Art History. Isabella di Lenardo is senior scientist in Digital Humanities and Urban History. Her research activity is focused on digital tools and methods applied to Urban History. She is an expert in ancient cartography, city representations, cadastral sources interpreted through digital modeling, extraction and analysis systems.She's also interested in network analysis questioning the production and circulation of artistic and architectural knowledge in Europe XVIth – XVIIIth centuries in particular on North-South relationships and influences. The development of collaboration projects with European institutions and the activity carried out on various initiatives supported by the European Commission have allowed her to acquire specialism in the field of science applied to heritage, developing in particular specific skills for the enhancement of Cultural Heritage through digital tools. She leads projects in collaboration with Bibliothèque national de France (Paris), Institut National d’Histoire de l’Art (Paris), Ecole nationale des chartes (Paris), Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne, Centre Allemand d’Histoire de l’Art (Paris), Musée du Louvre, Archives Nationales de Paris, Bibliothèque Historique de la Ville de Paris, Réunion des Musées Nationaux. She supervised all the urban modeling simulations for the Venice Time Machine project and acted as content curator for all the exhibitions (Venice Biennale, Grand Palais-Paris, Datasquare - ArtLab-Lausanne, Museo Correr-Venice). She was Head of “Replica” project : digitizing 1 million photos of artworks in the Fondazione Giorgio Cini (Venice) and visual patterns extraction through a search engine for visual similarities. She has a Ph.D in Art History and also studied Archaeology and Urban Studies. She has published essays and articles about Venetian Art and Urban History and participated in many Art exhibitions in European museums. She coordinated summer schools and workshops about Digital Tools for Art History and Urban History. She attended conferences on digital methods for History in universities and patrimonial institutions.

1805-1898 Census Records of Lausanne : a Long Digital Dataset for Demographic History

Isabella Di Lenardo, Marion Kramer, Rémi Guillaume Petitpierre, Lucas Arnaud André Rappo

This historical dataset stems from the project of automatic extraction of 72 census records of Lausanne, Switzerland. The complete dataset covers a century of historical demography in Lausanne (1805-1898), which corresponds to 18,831 pages, and nearly 6 million cells. Content. The data published in this repository correspond to a first release, i.e. a diachronic slice of one register every 8 to 9 years. Unfortunately, the remaining data are currently under embargo. Their publication will take place as soon as possible, and at the latest by the end of 2023. In the meantime, the data presented here correspond to a large subset of 2,844 pages, which already allows to investigate most research hypotheses. The population censuses, digitized by the Archives of the city of Lausanne, continuously cover the evolution of the population in Lausanne throughout the 19th century, starting in 1805, with only one long interruption from 1814 to 1831. Highly detailed, they are an invaluable source for studying migration, economic and social history, and traces of cultural exchanges not only with Bern, but also with France and Italy. Indeed, the system of tracing family origin, specific to Switzerland, allows to follow the migratory movements of families long before the censuses appeared. The bourgeoisie is also an essential economic tracer. In addition, censuses extensively describe the organization of the social fabric into family nuclei, around which gravitate various boarders, workers, servants or apprentices, often living in the same apartment with the family. Production. The structure and richness of censuses have also provided an opportunity to develop automatic methods for processing structured documents. The processing of censuses includes several steps, from the identification of text segments to the restructuring of information as digital tabular data, through Handwritten Text Recognition and the automatic segmentation of the structure using neural networks. Please note that the detailed extraction methodology, as well as the complete evaluation of performance and reliability is published in: Petitpierre R., Rappo L., Kramer M. (2023). An end-to-end pipeline for historical censuses processing. International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR). doi: 10.1007/s10032-023-00428-9 Data structure. The data are structured in rows and columns, with each row corresponding to a household. Multiple entries in the same column for a single household are separated by vertical bars 〈|〉. The center point 〈·〉 indicates an empty entry. For some columns (e.g., street name, house number, owner name), an empty entry indicates that the last non-empty value should be carried over. The page number is in the last column. Liability. The data presented here are not curated nor verified. They are the raw results of the extraction, the reliability of which was thoroughly assessed in the above-mentioned publication. We insist on the fact that for any reuse of this data for research purposes, the implementation of an appropriate methodology is necessary. This may typically include string distance heuristics, or statistical methodologies to deal with noise and uncertainty. References: ["Petitpierre R., Rappo L., Kramer M. (2023). An end-to-end pipeline for historical censuses processing. International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR). doi: 10.1007/s10032-023-00428-9"]

Zenodo2023

Ce que les machines ont vu et que nous ne savons pas encore

Isabella Di Lenardo, Frédéric Kaplan

Cet article conceptualise l’idée qu’il existe une « matière noire » composée des structurations latentes identifiées par le regard machinique sur de grandes collections photographiques patrimoniales. Les campagnes photographiques de l’histoire de l’art, au xxe siècle, avaient pour ambition implicite de transformer toutes les œuvres d’art en documents plus facilement étudiables. Au fil du temps, la création de ces collections visuelles a permis de produire un corpus d’informations potentiellement plus dense et plus riche que ce que ses créateurs avaient initialement imaginé. En effet, la conversion numérique de ces immenses corpus visuels permet aujourd’hui de réanalyser ces images avec des techniques de vision par ordinateur, l’intelligence artificielle ouvrant ainsi la voie à des perspectives d’études bien différentes de celles envisageables au siècle dernier. Nous pourrions ainsi dire qu’il y a dans ces images un immense potentiel latent de connaissance, un réseau dense de relations qui n’a pas encore été mis en lumière. Qu’est-ce que les machines ont vu ou vont pouvoir voir dans ces collections d’images que l’homme n’a pas encore identifié ? Quelle étendue la connaissance visuelle de l’homme couvre-t-elle par rapport à ce que la machine a pu analyser ? Les nouvelles techniques d’indexation des images et des motifs qui les constituent nous rapprochent d’une révolution copernicienne du visuel dans laquelle l’homme peut, grâce à la machine-prothèse, analyser beaucoup plus d’images qu’il ne pouvait le faire par une simple activité mnémonique et sélectionner des perspectives spécifiques en comparant des ensembles de motifs les uns par rapport aux autres. Cette vision augmentée est fondée sur une pré-analyse conduite par la machine sur l’ensemble de ces corpus visuels, un entraînement qui permet de retrouver la structure sous-jacente du système d’images. La vision humaine est ainsi étendue par le regard artificiel préalable de la machine. Pour comprendre les enjeux de cette nouvelle alliance, il faut étudier la nature de ce regard artificiel, comprendre son potentiel pour découvrir des structures jusqu’à présent inconnues et anticiper les nouvelles formes de connaissances humaines auxquelles il pourra donner naissance. L’enjeu sera donc, pour les prochaines années, de comprendre ce que les machines ont vu et que nous ne savons pas encore.

2023

Generic Semantic Segmentation of Historical Maps

Isabella Di Lenardo, Frédéric Kaplan, Rémi Guillaume Petitpierre

Research in automatic map processing is largely focused on homogeneous corpora or even individual maps, leading to inflexible models. Based on two new corpora, the first one centered on maps of Paris and the second one gathering maps of cities from all over the world, we present a method for computing the figurative diversity of cartographic collections. In a second step, we discuss the actual opportunities for CNN-based semantic segmentation of historical city maps. Through several experiments, we analyze the impact of figurative and cultural diversity on the segmentation performance. Finally, we highlight the potential for large-scale and generic algorithms. Training data and code of the described algorithms are made open-source and published with this article.

2021